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Laparoscopic, Robotic and LASER Surgery - GI & Colorectal, Navi Mumbai


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    News

    Colon Cancer Causes

    Colorectal Cancer: Detection and Treatment

    There are various measures that may tell you if you are suffering from colon cancer that includes alteration of bowel habits (diarrhea, constipation etc) lasting for several days, continuous feeling that you need to go for bowel movement which doesn’t occur, dark stools with blood, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, sustaining weakness and fatigue etc. It is highly advised that if you are suffering from any such symptoms then consult Gastroenterologist or Colorectal surgeon immediately.

    Diagnosis

    Certain tests may be recommended for screening of colorectal cancer.

    • FOBT (Fecal Occult Blood Test) is done to examine for the hidden blood in stool.
    • Sigmoidoscopy- through Sigmoidoscope the lower and rectum colon is tested to detect cancerous or any precancerous growth. They are further tested or removed for more clarity.
    • Colonoscopy- through colonoscope the entire colon and rectum is tested to detect the presence of cancerous or any precancerous growth. They are further tested or removed for more clarity.
    • Virtual or computerized tomography colonoscopy- through a special X-ray equipment 3-D pictures are taken out of colon and rectum and later through the arrangements of these pictures by computer shows detailed information about any abnormalities and polyps.

    Treatment

    Among the various methods of treating colorectal cancer, three standard treatments are:

    1) Surgery – it could be called as the most effective measure as the cancer affected zone is removed through this treatment. It is highly recommended for treating local colorectal tumors.

    During colonoscopy a small tumor may be removed but removing the entire area with the surrounding fats and lymph nodes is undoubtedly the best way to treat. This surgery may be performed by open surgery method or by laparoscopy as suggested by your doctor.

    In a process called colostomy the waste product is collected in a bag placed over stoma which is an opening made by surgeons. After the healing of bowel colon and rectum is reconnecting through another operation. In rectal cancer permanent colostomy is essential.

    Painkillers along with medicines are often provided to the patients after operation to get relief from the pain.

    Nutritious foods which are rich in protein and calories are advised to the patient to heal faster.

    2)Chemotherapy – this treatment for cancer utilizes drugs to arrest the growth of cancerous cells by killing them or restricting them from further division. The drugs consumed through injection or mouth directly hits the bloodstream and reach cancer cells and when it is taken through spinal column it affect the area having cancer cells.

    Combination of Xeloda (Capecitabine), Oxaliplatin, 5-fluouracil and Camptosar (Irinotecan) are used to treat the diverse stages of this cancer. Directly the chemotherapy may be provided to the liver if the cancer is metastasized there. The five drugs Cetuximab (Erbitux). Bevacizumab, ziv-aflibercept, panitumumab and regorafenib is approved by FDA for treating this cancer. These drugs together arrest the protein or blood which is helping in the growth of cancer.

    3)Radiation therapy – this therapy utilizes the highly advanced X-Ray or radiation to restrict or kill the cancer cells. Two methods of radiation therapies are there.

    The first one is external radiation where the machine is used to send radiation from outside part of the body to the cancer affected area.

    The second method called internal radiation therapy utilizes substances of radioactive which are sealed in wires, seeds, catheters, needles and are injected directly on the infected area. It is done after the surgery with the Chemotherapy to kill all the possible existing cancer cells. If the tumor of the patient had stick to another part of the abdomen or if it is present on the point of cancer which was removed then radiation therapy is highly recommended.

    You can live a normal life after the treatment as per the advice of the surgeon but remember to keep a regular follow-up as suggested by your healthcare provider.

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    Person Image with anal fissure

    Question and Answers related to Anal Fissure by Dr. Nitish Jhawar

    Dr. Nitish Jhawar is answering questions related to Anal Fissure in Times of India

    Q1. I am 26 yrs old sales executive I had severe constipation after my travel last week ,now feeling severe pain while passing stool and noticed some bleeding also on the tissue while cleaning is it piles ?

    A. Most commonly piles cause painless bleeding so if it’s a classical cutting glass pain following defecation with smudging on the tissue or a streak of blood on a stool then it may be Fissure – in – Ano. A simple visit to your surgeon will solve your problem.

    Q2. Do fissures always require surgery?

    A. The mainstay of treatment is medical which is aimed at reducing the pain, relaxing the anal muscles & curing the constipation surgery can be avoided in many cases.

    Q3. If medical treatment fails then is there any other remedy other than conventional surgery?

    A. Fissures refuse to heal due to spasm of the sphincter muscle if medical treatment fails then we can actually temporarily paralyze the internal sphincter muscle by injecting BOTOX. It is safe, fast and convenient but fissures may relapse once the muscle gains their normal tone again.

    Q4. What is the conventional surgery all about will I lose control over my feces after getting it done?

    A. Standard treatment for a fissure is called LIS (Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy) with or without fissure ectomy (excision of the fissure) it comprises of loosening the internal muscle by cutting a part of it. It is the very controlled way of releasing the spasm and there is no long-term effect on the continence.

    Q5. Can LASER be done to cure fissures?

    A. Yes LASER can be used to treat the fissures it’s a little expensive option but the equally good option as an LIS.

    Q6. I recently delivered a baby and now having a painful bleeding from rectum since last 2 weeks do I need surgery as it is difficult to take care of by newborn with this painful condition?

    A. It is very common to have fissure problem during or after delivery, medical treatment mostly helps and surgery is required only in nonresponsive cases.

    Q7. I am a 40-year-old man I noticed some painful bleeding recently. I looked up on the internet I am scared that it could be Cancer please help?

    A. The bleeding from the rectum can very well be a sign of cancer if associated with any of the RED flag signs like weight loss, change in bowel habits, black or tarry stools, anemia, family history of colorectal cancer etc. A short duration fresh bleed is usually not so ominous but visits to a specialist are required to rule out any lurking danger avoid self-medication at all cost.

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    Laparoscopic Appendectomy

    Question and Answers related to Appendicitis by Dr. Nitish Jhawar

    Dr. Nitish Jhawar is answering questions related to Appendicitis in Times of India

    1Q. My 15 yrs. old had sudden severe pain in his abdomen last night I gave him some medicine he felt better but now complaining pain in right side abdomen my GP feels its may be appendicitis is it correct?

    A. The classical pain in appendicitis starts in the whole abdomen and then it shifts to right side if the pain is persisting the blood test and sonography will help clinch the diagnosis.

    2Q. In a diagnosed case of appendicitis is surgery mandatory?

    A. If the signs, symptoms and investigations are suggestive of acute appendicitis then surgery is the only treatment and it should be done as early as possible .

    3Q. my daughter is 22 admitted with right sided pain in a hospital the Sonography is not showing appendicitis but pain and fever are there can we do something to be sure about the diagnosis?

    A. Sonography is a first line investigation specially in females as it rules out ovarian problems which may cause similar pain, CT scan of the abdomen in almost conclusive in such cases & is highly recommended.

    4Q. is Laparoscopy safe for appendectomy or should I go for open surgery?

    A. Laparoscopy has a definite advantage over open surgery as we can examine the whole abdomen by moving camera inside the abdomen, moreover the tip of appendix is not fixed in its location so almost all types of appendix may be tackled in this way. open surgery may be required if anatomy inside is not clear or if there is a lump formation due to a neglected appendicular infection.

    5Q. my colleague underwent appendectomy but was in hospital for 15 day post surgery with a tube coming out of his abdomen ,is it normal to have such a long recovery time?

    A. Acute appendicitis is a surgical emergency if the appendix is blocked due to hardened fecal matter called fecalith it may rupture leading to infection called peritonitis if neglected for long then it may take longer to heal and patient may suffer more like your colleague .

    6Q. I have been advised laparoscopy appendectomy by my surgeon how soon I can resume my daily routine following that?

    A. Laparoscopy appendectomy is a safe simple and quick surgery, but a lot depends on the condition of the appendix, in a standard case it is just one day stay in the hospital and one can resume within 3 to 5 days.

    7Q. I am little scared to lose a part of my body will I have long term digestion problem?

    A. Appendix is a vestigial organ so it doesn’t have any function in human body its removal will not have any long term effect on digestion per se.

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    Laparoscopic hernia patient

    Question and Answers related to Hernia by Dr. Nitish Jhawar

    Dr. Nitish Jhawar is answering questions related to Hernia in Times of India

    1Q. I am a 25 yr old sportsman. I noticed a lump in my groin 3 days ago. My family physician diagnosed it as hernia & advised surgical opinion want to know what a Hernia is?

    A. Hernia is a protrusion of contents of the abdomen through a weakness or tear in its muscles forming a lump underneath the skin. Mostly it is seen in groin but it may be present on abdominal wall above, at or below umbilicus & at the site of surgical scars.

    2Q. Is surgery a must for a Hernia? and what are the options which I can choose from?

    A. Depending on the type & location of Hernia, your surgeon will decide the type of repair. On a broader spectrum we can understand that Hernias can be repaired by open surgical method or by Minimal access surgery (keyhole surgery).Modern surgical practices use reinforcement in the form of polypropolene meshes. In our hospital we prefer, to perform minimal access or laparoscopic surgery for all our patients if they are fit to tolerate general anaesthesia.

    3Q. How long it will take to recover after Hernia surgery?

    A. Depending on the type of repair, the period varies from 3-5 days. In laproscopic surgery, it is much faster and in open cases it may take little longer.

    4Q. When can I return to work after surgery?

    A. If you have a desk job, 3-5 days is the time frame we are looking at. But if your job demands heavy physical activity like lifting weight and all – you are away from work for 4 to 6 weeks.

    5Q. I delivered my 2nd baby a year ago and noticed a lump by the side of previous surgery scar. Doctor suggested repair using a mesh. I am scared to have a foreign body inside what to do?

    A. It is now a common practice to use meshes which are made of synthetic materials like polypropelene or polyester to reinforce the Hernia repair. Person who is having Hernia has a inherent defect in cementing substance called collagen, mesh provides a lattice for body fibres to grow in between & render a stronger repair. As the meshes are biologically inert, they are harmless if left in body for good.

    A simple consultation with a specialist is enough to diagnose this particular problem, laparoscopic hernia repair by using light weight or 3 D meshes make the surgery even more sophisticated and patent friendly.

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    Dr. Nitish Jhawar Attends Course on the Innovative DGHAL Technique For Piles Treatment at Austria

    Dr. Nitish Jhawar Attends Course on the Innovative DGHAL Technique For Piles Treatment at Austria

    Dr Nitish Jhawar, Head of Colorectal department, Fortis Hiranandani Hospital located in Vashi Navi Mumbai recently participated in a Surgical Workshop Training course on the use of Doppler Ultrasound Proctoscope for carrying out the Doppler-Guided Hemorrhoid Artery Ligation (DGHAL) procedure.

    The workshop, which was held at A.M.I head office at the Feldkirch & Bludenz General Hospital in Austria, covered key principles, techniques, and protocols regarding the use of the Proctoscope. It also covered the basics of the disease along with its indications as well as a comparison with other available techniques.

    The DGHAL is a relatively new advanced operational technique for evaluating and treating haemorrhoids (piles).  This minimally invasive procedure uses ultrasound Doppler to accurately identify the site of the piles and enables the tying of the affected vessels as well as repositioning of the haemorrhoidal lumps. A highly effective method, the treatment involves lesser pain and facilitates faster recovery for patients.

    The Proctoscope plays a vital role as it guides the process through the Doppler ultrasound probe which is mounted on this specially designed equipment. Understandably it is important to understand the full range of its features, operations and capabilities.

    The workshop attended by Dr Jhawar was focused on enabling participants to gain complete knowledge of the equipment, which would help them to better perform examinations using the Proctoscope and implement effective techniques to carry out the treatment.

    Dr. Jhawar thanked Dr. Mathias Sheyer, who is the Chief Surgeon of Bludenz General Hospital and has experience in treating over 2000 cases in last 15 years, and Dr. Gruber Andreas for sharing their expertise.

    Commenting on the event, Dr Nitish Jhawar said,” It has been an extremely educative experience to attend this workshop. The high rate of success and superior benefits to patients through innovative DGHAL technique makes it an important treatment option, and I will use the knowledge and skill gained from attending this workshop to offer this treatment to my patients.”

    Dr. Jhawar is a highly experienced expert in the field of Laparoscopic & Colorectal surgeries. He has previously undergone advanced training in treating piles & Fistula.

    He has additionally been trained in VAAFT – Video Assisted Anal Fistula Technique in a session held in Berlin, Germany which included a meeting with Dr. Monreio the inventor of the technique. This endoscopic treatment method offers diagnoses and removal of anal fistulas through fistuloscopy, which avoids surgical excision of the sphincter, making it less painful.

    About Dr. Nitish Jhawar

    By gaining a deep understanding of the various new and advanced therapies for treating piles, Dr. Jhawar is well placed in offering patients the latest in treatment options for colorectal surgeries. Minimal invasive Endoscopic surgeries are safer, less painful and ensure faster recovery making them the preferred method for many. A wide range of treatments for piles including DGHAL and stapling is available for patients looking for relief from this painful condition.

    Dr.-Nitish-Jhawar-Attends-Course-on-the-Innovative-DGHAL-Technique-For-Piles-Treatment-at-Austria-DghalDr.-Nitish-Jhawar-Attends-Course-on-the-Innovative-DGHAL-Technique-For-Piles-Treatment-at-Austria-dghalDr.-Nitish-Jhawar-Attends-Course-on-the-Innovative-DGHAL-Technique-For-Piles-Treatment-at-Austria-dghalDr.-Nitish-Jhawar-Attends-Course-on-the-Innovative-DGHAL-Technique-For-Piles-Treatment-at-Austria-dghal

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    Doctor nitesh return from germany

    Dr. Nitish returns from Germany after training in VAAFT for fistula

    Dr. Nitish Jhawar General, Laparoscopic and Colorectal Surgeon at Fortis Hiranandani Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India recently attended a surgical workshop at Berlin (Germany )to understand and perform VAAFT – Video Assisted Anal Fistula Technique- better. This endoscopic treatment of fistula doesn’t have a risk of incontinence.

    In today’s era of minimally invasive surgeries, emphasis on painless treatment and faster recovery without much dissection of the tissue is higher. Anal fistulas have been treated from the era of Hippocrates from 1600 DC. Everything starting from horse’s hair to laser has been tried to treat these nagging problem. The two main factors / fear in fistula surgery is recurrence and incontinence due to incomplete removal or excessive cutting of sphincter.

    There are various surgical ways to treat fistula including removal of the fistula track completely. This is surely painful, requires daily dressing and also takes a lot of time to heal. Along with which there are higher chances of recurrence; whereas, VAAFT requires no incision, which helps patients to resume their daily lives with ease.

    This endoscopic treatment offers a complete diagnosis of the fistulous tract in the form of fistuloscopy and since no cutting of the sphincter is involved, there is no risk of incontinence. The latest case studies are showing encouraging results in this particular modality. Tackling recurrence of the fistula with VAAFT is much easier option and  acceptable to the patient because of its painless patient-friendly treatment.

    On his visit to Berlin, Dr. Nitish Jhawar met Dr. Monreio, who is the inventor of this technique and have more than 10 centres all over the world.

    Dr. Monreio takes pride in the efficacy of this treatment which is helping him treat patients all across the Globe. As per Dr. Jhawar –“ It was a wonderful experience to learn the Nitti gritty of the surgical challenges and their management from the inventor himself. VAAFT has clearly achieved a reputed place in ARMAMENTARIUM of fistula treatment modalities and is here to stay. I am aiming to continue his legacy of helping people with VAAFT and make it easier for the patients suffering from Anal Fistula.”

     

    doctor nitesh germany trainingdoctor nitesh germany training session

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    Patient with Heartburn-GERD

    Heartburn (GERD)

    What is GERD?

    The stomach normally secretes acid that is essential in the digestive process. This acid helps in breaking down the food during digestion. When there is excess production of acid by the gastric glands of the stomach, it results in the condition known as acidity, dyspepsia, heartburn.

    Heartburn is burning sensation in mid chest or throat that’s caused by digestive juice acid rising up from stomach to the food pipe or esophagus It’s a common symptom of the condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease or GERD, also called acid reflux or acid regurgitation. Occasional reflux is common , reflux more than twice a week is GERD.

    Lower esaphageal sphincter

    Symptoms:

    Heartburn. Most likely to occur in connection with the following activities:

    • Eating a heavy meal
    • Bending over
    • Lifting
    • Lying down, particularly on the back

    Dyspepsia.

    • Pain and discomfort in the upper abdomen
    • A feeling of fullness in the stomach
    • Nausea after eating

    Regurgitation. feeling of acid backing up in the throat. Sometimes acid regurgitates as far as the mouth and can be experienced as a “wet burp.”

    Less Common Symptoms

    Elderly patients with GERD often have less typical symptoms than do younger people. Most children under 12 years with GERD, and some adults, may have GERD without heartburn. Instead, they may have dry cough, asthma symptoms, or trouble swallowing

    Chest pain-

    Chest pain is a common symptom of GERD. It is very important to differentiate it from chest pain caused by heart conditions.

    Symptoms in the Throat-

    • Acid laryngitis. A condition that includes hoarseness, dry cough, the sensation of having a lump in the throat, and the need to repeatedly clear the throat.
    • Trouble swallowing. In severe cases, patients may choke or food may become trapped in the esophagus, causing severe chest pain. This may indicate a temporary spasm that narrows the tube, or it could indicate serious esophageal damage or abnormalities.
    • Chronic sore throat
    • Persistent hiccups

    Coughing and Respiratory Symptoms. Airway symptoms, such as coughing and wheezing, may occur.

    Chronic Nausea and Vomiting. Nausea or in rare cases vomiting can occur.

    What causes GERD?

    esophago gastro duodeno scopy

    When we eat, food travels from mouth to stomach through a tube called the gullet or esophagus. At the lower end of the esophagus is a small ring of muscle called the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) which acts like a one-way valve, allowing food to pass through into the stomach. Normally, it prevent back-flow of stomach juices (acid)) into the esophagus. GERD occurs when the LES does not function properly allowing acid to flow back and burn the lower esophagus. This irritates and inflames the esophagus, causing heartburn and eventually may damage the esophagus. Research shows that in people with GERD, the LES relaxes while the rest of the esophagus is working. There may be Impaired Stomach Function or Motility Abnormalities.About 30 – 40% of reflux may be hereditary.

    What contributes to GERD?

    Acidity Foods - laparoscopic surgeon mumbai

    Common foods that can worsen reflux symptoms include

    • citrus fruits
    • chocolate
    • Soda
    • drinks with caffeine or alcohol
    • fatty and fried foods
    • garlic and onions
    • mint flavorings
    • spicy foods
    • Tomato

    Many other factors can also play a role in triggering heartburn and causing GERD

    • Overeating. Stomach remains distended when there are large quantities of food in it. The more your stomach stays distended, the more likely the LES won’t close properly. When it doesn’t close, it can’t prevent food and stomach juices from rising back up into the esophagus.
    • Eating habits. Eating too rapidly, eating while lying down or too close to bed time can be a heartburn trigger.
    • Smoking. Smoking cigarettes is another potential cause of heartburn.
    • Hiatal hernia. Your diaphragm is a muscular wall that separates your stomach from your chest. It helps the LES keep stomach acid where it belongs. When the LES and the upper part of the stomach move above the diaphragm you develop a hiatal hernia. The hernia makes acid reflux, which causes heartburn, more likely.
    • Obesity or overweight. Research suggests that being obese or overweight can be a trigger for heartburn and reflux disease.
    • Pregnancy. Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to GERD in their third trimester, as the growing uterus puts increasing pressure on the stomach. Heartburn in such cases is often resistant to dietary interventions and even to antacids.
    • Medicines. Common medications taken for other problems can increase the likelihood of heartburn. That includes medicines used to treat asthma, high blood pressure, heart problems, arthritis or other inflammation, osteoporosis, anxiety, insomnia, depression, pain, Parkinson’s disease, muscle spasm, or cancer.
    • Exercise. Increased pressure on the abdomen can increase the risk of acid reflux. Weightlifters had the most heartburn and acid reflux. Runners had milder symptoms and less reflux than weightlifters.

    How is GERD treated?

    If you have had symptoms of GERD and have been using antacids or other over-the-counter reflux medications for more than 2 weeks visit a gastroenterologist

    Depending on the severity of your GERD, treatment may involve one or more of the following lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery.

    General Measures – Self-Care

    Some dietary and lifestyle tips for heartburn relief-

    • Avoid trigger foods. Classic GERD triggers include chocolate, coffee, cols, alcohol, peppermint, citrus juices, and tomatoes. The exact food triggers vary from person to person
    • Eat smaller meals. Avoid stuffing yourself. Try more frequent smaller meals. Don’t escape breakfast
    • Don’t eat too quickly
    • Don’t eat before bed. You shouldn’t eat two to three hours before bed. Not eating gives your stomach time to empty before you lie down.
    • Loosen your belt. Tight belts or pants can aggravate your GERD symptoms. Wear looser clothing, especially at night.
    • Prop up the bed. When you stick blocks under the head of your bed and raise it 6 to 8 inches, gravity will prevent the acids in your stomach from flowing into the esophagus during the night.
    • Lose weight. If you’re obese, aiming for a 10% weight loss is always a good idea.
    • Evaluate your other medications. Many common medications — aspirin and other NSAID painkillers, along with some drugs for high blood pressure — can make GERD worse.
    • Stop smoking.

    Medications for GERD

    Antacids, are usually the first drugs recommended to relieve heartburn and other mild GERD symptoms.

    Foaming agents, work by covering your stomach contents with foam to prevent reflux.

    H2 blockers, ranitidine decrease acid production. provide short-term relief and are effective.

    Proton pump inhibitors omeprazole lansoprazole pantoprazole , rabeprazole and esomeprazole are more effective than H2 blockers and can relieve symptoms and heal the esophageal lining.

    Prokinetics help strengthen the LES and make the stomach empty faster. This group includes bethanechol (Urecholine) and metoclopramide (Reglan). Metoclopramide also improves muscle action in the digestive tract. Prokinetics have frequent side effects that limit their usefulness—fatigue, sleepiness, depression, anxiety,

    What if GERD symptoms persist?

    If your symptoms do not improve with lifestyle changes or medications, you may need additional tests.

    Barium swallow radiograph uses x rays to help spot abnormalities such as a hiatal hernia and other structural or anatomical problems of the esophagus. With this test, you drink a solution and then x rays are taken. The test will not detect mild irritation, although strictures—narrowing of the esophagus—and ulcers can be observed.

    Upper endoscopy is more accurate than a barium swallow radiograph. The doctor may spray your throat to numb it and then, will slide a thin, flexible plastic tube with a light and lens on the end called an endoscope down your throat. The endoscope allows the doctor to see the surface of the esophagus and search for abnormalities.

    esophago gastro duodeno scopy

    The doctor also may perform a biopsy. The tissue is then viewed with a microscope to look for damage caused by acid reflux and to rule out other problems if infection or abnormal growths are not found.

    pH monitoring examination through a small tube into the esophagus or a tiny device to the esophagus that will stay there for 24 to 48 hours. when and how much acid comes up into your esophagus is measured. This test can be useful if combined with a carefully completed diary—recording when, what, and amounts the person eats—which allows the doctor to see correlations between symptoms and reflux episodes.

    Surgery For GERD

    Surgery is an option when medicine and lifestyle changes do not help to manage GERD symptoms. Surgery may also be a reasonable alternative to a lifetime of drugs and discomfort. With the new minimally invasive approach, surgery is now a viable initial therapy and is safe and effective in people of all ages, including infants.

    Nissen Fundoplication is surgery to repair hiatal hernia and is surgical treatment for GERD. Upper part of the stomach is wrapped around the LES to strengthen the sphincter, prevent acid reflux, and repair a hiatal hernia.

    Endoscopic techniques. In one endoscopic method for treating GERD, an instrument is inserted that delivers an electrical current to the lower esophageal sphincter. This results in scarring which tightens the sphincter. In a second method, sutures are placed in the sphincter to tighten the sphincter

    What are the long-term complications of GERD?

    Having heartburn more than occasionally can reduce your quality of life. It can affect not just what you eat, but how you sleep and what activities you do.

    Chronic GERD that is untreated can cause serious complications. Inflammation of the esophagus from refluxed stomach acid can damage the lining and cause bleeding or ulcers—also called esophagitis. Scars from tissue damage can lead to strictures—narrowing of the esophagus—that make swallowing difficult.

    Some people develop Barrett’s esophagus, in which cells in the esophageal lining take on an abnormal shape and color. Over time, the cells can lead to esophageal cancer, which is often fatal.

    Studies have shown that GERD may worsen or contribute to asthma, chronic cough, and pulmonary fibrosis.

    Ref: www.digestive.niddk.nih.gov National Digestive Diseases Information

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    hernia surgery faq

    Hernia Surgery FAQ

    Found noticeable protrusion in the groin area, or in the abdomen?
    Feeling pain while lifting?
    A dull aching sensation?
    A vague feeling of fullness?

    Educate yourself about hernias, hernia symptoms, hernia surgery.

    Frequently asked questions about hernia

    1Q. I am a 25 yr old sportsman. I noticed a lump in my groin 3 days ago. My family physician diagnosed it as hernia & advised surgical opinion want to know what a Hernia is?

    A. Hernia is a protrusion of contents of the abdomen through a weakness or tear in its muscles forming a lump underneath the skin. Mostly it is seen in groin but it may be present on abdominal wall above, at or below umbilicus & at the site of surgical scars.

    2Q. I have a Hernia near my naval but it is painless, soft & disappears on lying down, very rarely it swells turgid or pains. Do I still have to go for surgery?

    A. Most of the Hernias, irrespective of the site, are painless to start with. The main symptom is a bulge which comes on straining and disappears on lying down. As the treatment of hernia is surgical it is better to undergo surgery when it is uncomplicated. The possible complications include obstruction or strangulation which may be life threatening.

    3Q. Is surgery a must for a Hernia and what are the options which I can choose from?

    A. Depending on the type & location of Hernia, your surgeon will decide the type of repair. On a broader spectrum we can understand that Hernias can be repaired by open surgical method or by Minimal access surgery (keyhole surgery). Modern surgical practices use reinforcement in the form of polypropolene meshes. In our hospital we prefer, to perform minimal or laproscopic surgery for all our patients if they are fit to tolerate general anaesthesia.

    4Q. How long it will take to recover after Hernia surgery?

    A. Depending on the type of repair, the period varies from3-5 days. In laproscopic surgery, it is much faster and in open cases it may take little longer.

    5Q. When can I return to work after surgery?

    A. If you have a desk job, 3-5 days is the time frame we are looking at. But if your job demands heavy physical activity like lifting weight and all – you are away from work for 4 to 6 weeks.

    6Q. I have a Hernia surgery planned next week. Can I drive back home after discharge?

    A. We usually advise our patients to abstain from driving for 48hrs till the effect of anaesthesia subsides & their movements become comfortable.

    7Q. Can my Hernia be repaired using single incision laparoscopy?

    A. Depending on the size of Hernia and fitness of the patient SILS can be offered. We prefer SILS using Single port multiple incision technique.

    8Q. I delivered my 2nd baby an year ago and noticed a lump by the side of previous surgery scar. Doctor suggested repair using a mesh. I am scared to have a foreign body inside what to do?

    A. It is now a common practice to use meshes which are made of synthetic materials like polypropelene or polyester to reinforce the Hernia repair. Person who is having Hernia has a inherent defect in cementing substance called collagen, mesh provides a lattice for body fibres to grow in between & render a stronger repair. As the meshes are biologically inert, they are harmless if left in body for good.

    9Q. My father was operated for Hernia long back. Do I need to undergo checkup to rule out the same? Is hernia hereditary?

    A. You may have more chances of developing Hernia than normal population but it is not hereditary. Factors which are causing intra-abdominal strains like pregnancy, obesity, coughing, urinary obstructions may all lead to Hernia if there is a weakness in the wall. Some Hernias may be present from birth & are called Congenital Hernias.

    10Q. My mother is 55yrs old & she has been operated for Ventral Hernia twice but it has recurred. She has a 12cm defect in the midline. What kind of repair will solve her problem?

    A. Old age, obesity and hereditary predisposition causes Hernias to recur. In your case latest surgical technique of Component Separation should do the trick. In this type of repair, we mobilize the muscles of the abdominal wall in such a way that we can achieve closure in the midline using normal muscles & sheath and reinforce the same by use of meshes. This technique is a boon for people having large defects, recurrent Hernias & is gaining popularity worldwide.

    11Q. I have noticed that my belly button becomes prominent on standing & coughing. I have read on internet & it looks like Hernia. What tests should I do to confirm my diagnosis?

    A. Mostly Hernias are diagnosed on clinical examination & do not require any sophisticated investigations to confirm the diagnosis. We may get some help by doing tests like sonography, CT scan and MRI of the abdomen. Though they are mandatory in complicated, obstructed and recurrent cases, they are not usually required in uncomplicated cases like yours.

    Advised By –

    Dr Nitish Jhawar

    Laparoscopic GI and colorectal surgeon

    Vashi, navi Mumbai

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    Gallstone-Prevention-Diet- for patient

    Gallstone Prevention Diet

    There is no sure evidence to prevent Gallstones but it is possible to have an effective gallstone diet plan to reduce risk. Research has also shown that Vegetarians have a significantly lower risk of developing gallstones, compared to people who eat meat.

    Gallstones are pieces of solid material that form in the gallbladder, a small organ located under the liver. These stones develop because cholesterol and pigments in bile sometimes form hard particles. Read More about Gall Bladder stone at neoalta.com

    Two main types of gallstones are:

    • Cholesterol stones: Usually yellow-green in color, approximately 80% of gallstones are cholesterol stones.
    • Pigment stones: These stones are smaller and darker and are made up of bilirubin.

    Causes of Gallstones

    • Genetics – If other people in your family have had gallstones, you are at increased risk of developing gallstones.
    • Obesity – This is one of the biggest risk factors. Obesity can cause a rise in cholesterol and can also keep the gallbladder from emptying completely.
    • Estrogen – Estrogen can increase cholesterol and reduce gallbladder motility. Women who are pregnant or who take birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy have higher levels of estrogen and may be more likely to develop gallstones.
    • Ethnic background – Certain ethnic groups, including Native Americans and Mexican-Americans, are more likely to develop gallstones.
    • Gender & Age – Gallstones are more common among women and older people.
    • Cholesterol drugs – Some cholesterol-lowering drugs increase the amount of cholesterol in bile, which may increase the chances of developing cholesterol stones.
    • Diabetes – People with diabetes tend to have higher levels of triglycerides (a type of blood fat), which is a risk factor for gallstones.
    • Rapid weight loss –If a person loses weight too quickly, his or her liver secretes extra cholesterol, which may lead to gallstones. Also, fasting may cause the gallbladder to contract less.

    Symptoms of gallstones:

    A majority of the people may not experience any symptoms. Its your doctor who may find stones in your gallbladder while doing X-rays, ultrasound or surgery in the abdomen. Gallstones most frequently make their presence known when they become lodged in one of the ducts that carry bile, a digestive juice, from the liver to the small intestine and when such an obstruction occurs,the following symptoms might be experienced:

    • Severe and sudden pain in the upper right abdomen and possibly extending to the upper back
    • Fever and shivering
    • Severe nausea and vomiting
    • Jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes)
    • Clay colored stools or dark urine

    How Are Gallstones Diagnosed?

    Physical examination that includes checking your eyes and skin for visible changes in color. A yellowish tint in your skin or eyes may be signs of jaundice. The examination may also involve using diagnostic testing to see inside your body. These tests include:

    • Abdominal CT Scan-This is an imaging test that takes pictures of your liver and abdominal region.
    • Ultrasound-Ultrasound tests produce images of your abdomen.
    • Gallbladder Radionuclide Scan-This very important scan takes about one hour to complete. A specialist injects a radioactive substance into your veins. The substance travels through your blood to the liver and gallbladder. It highlights any infection or blockages in these organs.
    • Blood Tests-Your doctor may order blood tests that measure the amount of bilirubin in your blood. The tests also gauge how well your liver is functioning.

    How Are Gallstones Treated?

    The most common ways of gallstone treatment are-

    • Surgeries -Surgery is often the first option if you have symptoms. A surgeon may perform a commonly used technique called laparoscopic gallbladder removal.
    • Medications -Drugs that dissolve gallstones caused by cholesterol are an option if you cannot undergo surgery. These medications may take several years to eliminate the gallstones.

    How can you prevent gallstones?

    Veg  Assortment

    Certain factors that increase the risk of developing gallstones, such as age, sex and ethnic origin cannot be altered.

    But it is possible for us to have a effective gall stone diet plan – low in fat and high in fruit and vegetables, including plenty of dietary fiber, as many experts say that such type of a diet will help protect people from developing gallstones.

    Avoid processed food such as read meat, sausages, also French fries , pastire.

    Controlling your body weight – not allowing yourself to become overweight/obese – may also help prevent the formation of gallstones.

    However, crash dieting and rapid weight loss are risk factors in the development of gallstones so try losing weight gradually following a healthy diet for which you could visit a diet counselor.

    A Diet is when you watch what you eat and wish you could eat what you watch.

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    anal fissure TOI

    Dr Nitish Jhawars article in Times Of India on Anal Fissure , causes, symptoms and treatment

    Laparoscopic and colorectal Surgeon at Fortis Hiranandani Hospital Vashi, Navi Mumbai- Dr Nitish Jhawars article in Times Of India on Anal Fissure , causes, symptoms and treatment

    Fissure is commonly caused by hard or large stool overstretching the anal canal. Other causes include diarrhea or other inflammatory conditions of the anus.

    Fissure is managed by home care and healthy life style changes including high fiber diet. local application gl for fissure healing is also advised, however sometimes surgery is required. commonly done is Lateral internal sphincterotomy.

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    Testimonial

    What patient says about Dr. Nitish Jhawar

    • Person Image

      I was diagnosed with gall stones a year ago in Delhi, I showed it to a doctor at Max hospital, he just asked me to get a surgery done and get my gall removed on any date of my choice, I was sacred and too young to get it done I got a vibe from doctor that for him it’s just a small things, however according to for a patient it’s important first be convinced on the urgency to get it done and feel safe . A year later I shifted to Mumbai and started having a frequent pain in shoulder blades and gall area. It went sharp this time. We went to Dr Nitish , as oppose to Delhi doc, Dr Nitish was very polite, first asked us to get the scan done and understand the current scenario, the scan showed one big 17 mm stone which was earlier also there but this time also there were multiple various sized stones as well along with the big one. Dr Nitish examined the scan, explained me and my husband about the condition and need of surgery or else the stone Would have slipped in the panacea or bile calling for a bigger operation. He explained diagramatically . He was patient in explaining, gave us time to think and be convinced. We were ready and then he performed it . It was flawless, quick and went well. He is a very experienced and fine surgeon , he is caring and doesn’t create panic at all rather he takes it slowly and makes patient comfortable. It was lapro, it’s been 2 months I m writing this . I faced no issues till now. Apollo staff was also very caring and good. I would mention Apollo Hospital, Navi Mumbai in specific. Good follow up diet makes it normal. I would strongly recommend Dr Nitish. He knows his job perfectly. He is not money minded at all. He would recommend surgery only if it’s required.

    • Person Image

      I was diagnosed with gall stones a year ago in Delhi, I showed it to a doctor at M.... hospital, he .... asked me to get a surgery done and get my gall removed on any date of my choice, I was sacred and too young to get it done I got a vibe from doctor that for him it’s just a small things, however according to for a patient it’s important first be convinced on the urgency to get it done and feel safe . A year later I shifted to Mumbai and started having a frequent pain in shoulder blades and gall area. It went sharp this time. We went to Dr Nitish , as oppose to Delhi doc, Dr Nitish was very polite, first asked us to get the scan done and understand the current scenario, the scan showed one big 17 mm stone which was earlier also there but this time also there were multiple various sized stones as well along with the big one. Dr Nitish examined the scan, explained me and my husband about the condition and need of surgery or else the stone Would have slipped in the panacea or bile calling for a bigger operation. He explained diagramatically . He was patient in explaining, gave us time to think and be convinced. We were ready and then he performed it . It was flawless, quick and went well. He is a very experienced and fine surgeon , he is caring and doesn’t create panic at all rather he takes it slowly and makes patient comfortable. It was lapro, it’s been 2 months I m writing this . I faced no issues till now. Fortis staff was also very caring and good. I would mention fortis Vashi in specific. Good follow up diet makes it normal. I would strongly recommend Dr Nitish. He knows his job perfectly. He is not money minded at all. He would recommend surgery only if it’s required.

    • Kishore-Kumar-Das

      I had surgery of my left hydrocele on 27th May 2017 by Dr Nitish Jhawar. An excellent experience of service I got particularly from Dr Jhawar. He is not only a qualified experienced doctor but also a splendid human being. Thanks a lot.

    • Siddappa-Hasbi

      It was a Laparoscopic operation for the removal of Gall Bladder (stones). I had developed on and off pain in abdomen before the operation, after the operation feeling good, totally pain free. Thanks and respect for handling my case very well.

    • Person Image

      I met doctor Nitish for piles problem and wanted to undergo LASER procedure only, my operation is successful and I thank doctor for being a good human being and great surgeon.

    • Person Image

      I was suffering from piles since long time. For bleeding heavily I met Dr Nitish Jhawar and after meeting him decided to go for Stapler surgery for piles. I found him a doctor who listens to our problem and explains properly.

    • Person Image

      I got diagnosed about a year back but was avoiding operation for Hernia repair, Dr Nitish Jhawar explained me why surgery should be done and I chose surgery by laparoscopy method. I am happy with the doctor and the hospital.

    • Person Image

      I visited for Gall Bladder removal by Laparoscopy after searching for best laparoscopic surgeon. After meeting dr my fear for surgery was vanished and my surgery went well and recovery was smooth.

    • Person Image

      Honest doctor, expert in his field....can trust his words

    • Person Image

      Very good he describe everything in very pleasant manner about the problem which was very helpful to me to understand my disease.

    • Person Image

      Very nice. Doctor is very patient and gives you correct advice.

    • Person Image

      He is very erudite and smart at getting to the bottleneck of the problem. And before realized he had pinched away d growth bothering me near my anal area.

    • Person Image

      Dr. Jhawar is few of the best doctors in town. Extremely pleasant and comfortable experience